- Drivers must not exceed the permissible speed limit. A driver must select the driving speed in accordance with the driving conditions, in particular the terrain, the condition of the road and the vehicle including the load, weather conditions, traffic heaviness so that he could safely stop the vehicle before any predictable obstruction. The driver must slow down and stop if the driving circumstances require so, in particular when visibility is poor.
- If there is an obstruction or traffic safety is at risk, the driver must slow down or even bring the vehicle to full stop or bypass an obstruction (if it is possible to notice) without causing hazard to other road users.
- The speed limit in built-up areas for all vehicles is 50 km/h.
- In parking lots, all vehicles shall not move faster than 20 km/h.
- The following speed limits must be observed in outside the built-up areas:
- the maximum speed limit for cars, motorcycles and tricycles on motorways is 130 km/h from April 1 to October 31 and 110 km/h from November 1 to March 31, 120 km/h on highways from April 1 to October 31 and 110 km/h from November 1 to March 31, 90 km/h on roads with asphalt or concrete paving, and 70 km/h on other roads;
- the maximum speed limit for goods vehicles with a permissible maximum mass of 3.5 tonnes shall be 110 km/h on motorways, 100 km/h on highways, 90 km/h on roads with asphalt or concrete paving, and 70 km/h on other roads;
- the maximum speed limit for buses shall be 100 km/h on motorways, 90 km/h on highways, 80 km/h on roads with asphalt or concrete paving, and 70 km/h on other roads;
- the maximum speed limit for goods vehicles (including combinations of vehicles) with a permissible maximum mass above 3.5 tonnes and for buses with trailers shall be 90 km/h on motorways, 80 km/h on highways, 80 km/h on roads with asphalt or concrete paving, and 70 km/h on other roads;
- the maximum speed limit for cars and goods vehicles with a permissible maximum mass up to 3.5 tonnes with trailers shall be 90 km/h on motorways, highways and roads with asphalt or concrete paving, and 70 km/h on other roads;
- the maximum speed limit for goods vehicles carrying people or towing motor vehicles shall be 70 km/h (50 km/h in the case of towing with flexible cable);
- the maximum speed limit for school buses shall be 90 km/h on motorways, 80 km/h on highways, and 70 km/h on roads with asphalt or concrete paving and other roads.
- the maximum speed limit for quadricycles and heavy quadricycles shall be 70 km/h on roads with or without asphalt or concrete paving.
- the maximum speed limit for tractors and self-propelled vehicles shall be 50 km/h on roads with or without asphalt or concrete paving.
- The maximum speed for vehicles (combinations of vehicles) (with or without a load) whose dimensions exceed the maximum values permitted by the Ministry of Transport and Communications shall be specified in the issued permit. These vehicles shall not exceed the speed of 70 km/h.
- On road sections where traffic conditions allow safe driving at a faster speed, the police or road owner may decide to raise the maximum speed limit by placing the respective road signs.
- The maximum speed limit for new drivers as well as persons learning to drive shall be 90 km/h on motorways and highways and 70 km/h on other roads.
- Drivers must not:
- exceed the maximum speed limit specified by the manufacturer of the vehicle;
- exceed the speed limit specified on the vehicle marking plate;
- drive too slowly without reason and hinder the normal traffic of other road users;
- slow down abruptly for other than safety reasons.
- All passengers must wear seatbelts in vehicles equipped with seat belts. If a bus is fitted with seat belts, there may be informative stickers reminding the passengers to wear a seat belt in a visible place in front of every seat, on the seat or next to it. If no informative marking is available, the bus driver must warn the passengers about the requirement to wear a seat belt before starting to drive.
- Seat belts must be worn over the shoulder and across the lap or as specified by the vehicle manufacturer.
- Persons driving a vehicle in reverse or in a parking lot are exempt from wearing seat belts in built-up areas.
- Children lower than 135 cm may be carried by car or truck only in child-restraint systems appropriate to their size:
- Group 0 for children less than 10 kg in weight;
- Group 0+ for children less than 13 kg in weight;
- Group I for children between 9 and 18 kg in weight;
- Group II for children between 15 and 25 kg in weight;
- Group III for children between 22 and 36 kg in weight.
- A child must not be carried in a rear-facing special seat appropriate to his size on the front passenger seat protected by an air bag. This provision does not apply if the front air bag is disabled.
- Bus passengers aged 3 and above must use the installed restraint systems.
- The driver must make sure that the children transported by a motor vehicle use the installed appropriate restraint systems.
- Persons who due to serious medical reasons hold special permits issued by competent institutions are exempt from wearing seat belts. These permits must have an expiry date.
- Traffic light signals have the following meanings:
- a green circular signal signifies that traffic may proceed;
- a signal of a green arrow in dark circular background signifies that traffic may proceed in the direction indicated by the arrow; a green arrow in additional section of the traffic lights has the same significance (the arrow authorizing to turn left also authorizes to turn around);
- a green flashing signal authorizes traffic to proceed and warns that time is about to finish and that prohibiting signal will soon switch on;
- a green signal with a symbol of a pedestrian authorizes pedestrians to proceed; 78.5. a green signal with a symbol of a cyclist authorizes cyclists to proceed;
- a green signal with a symbol of a cyclist authorizes cyclists to proceed;
- a green signal with an arrow (arrows) outlined in black authorizes road users to proceed in the direction indicated by the arrow (arrows) and warns that traffic lights have an additional section (sections);
- an amber signal prohibits traffic (except in the cases referred to in paragraphs 29 and 166 of these Rules) and warns that light signals are about to change; if there are arrows outlined in black in the signal, they signify the directions in which traffic may proceed when the green signal appears;
- amber and red signals shown at the same time indicate prohibition of passing and warn that the green signal will soon appear;
- a flashing amber light indicates that passing is allowed and warns that the intersection or pedestrian crossing is not controlled;
- a flashing white light used at level-crossings means that vehicles may proceed after making sure that no rail-borne vehicle is approaching the level-crossing;
- a red signal or two red lights flashing alternately mean that vehicles must not pass; if there are arrows outlined in black on the signal, they inform in which directions vehicles may proceed when the green signal appears;
- a red signal with a symbol of pedestrian means that pedestrians must not pass;
- a red signal with a symbol of a bicycle means that bicycles must not pass;
- a red signal in the form of two inclined crossed bars and a green signal in the form of an arrow pointing downwards (traffic light in reverse) prohibit or authorize the passing of vehicles along the lane over which they are placed. If the traffic light in reverse has an amber arrow pointing diagonally downwards to the left or to the right, the arrow means that the lane is about to be closed to traffic and that road users on that lane must immediately move over to the lane indicated by the arrow. When traffic lights are off or the yellow signal is on, road users must not enter the lane marked by a double broken line.
- Traffic lights are arranged vertically with the signals placed downwards in the following order: red, amber, green. If necessary, traffic lights may be arranged horizontally: red on the left, amber in the middle, and green on the right (traffic lights in reverse). Road users must conform to the signals (including supplementary signals of the same significance) arranged in the direction of their movement and designated for them.
- If there is an additional section with a green arrow next to the green light signal, traffic may proceed in the direction indicated by the arrow only after the signal in this section appears.
- If the traffic lights at the intersection have a metal plate with a green arrow attached next to the red light, vehicles may turn right when the red light is on, but a driver a driver must stop in front of the Stop line, if there is no Stop line a driver must stop in front of the pedestrian crossing, provided that they give way and not endanger vehicles in the traffic stream they are joining and pedestrians crossing the road.
- Signals given by traffic officers shall have the following meanings:
- Arms extended sideways or down:
- vehicles on the left and right side may pass straight and turn right, pedestrians may cross the carriageway;
- vehicles and pedestrians in the front and at the back must not proceed;
- Right arm extended forward:
- vehicles from the left side may proceed in all directions;
- vehicles from the front may proceed only to the right;
- vehicles from the back and the right side must not proceed;
- pedestrians may cross the carriageway behind the traffic officer's back;
- Arm raised upwards:
- all road users must not proceed in any direction;
- drivers must stop the vehicles without changing lanes.
- Arms extended sideways or down:
- Drivers must stop the vehicles and pedestrians must stop walking when the authorized officer (traffic officer) gives a signal: waves the traffic officer's baton or a traffic paddle with reflecting surface turned at the road user or orders to stop with a loudspeaker. STOP signal may be indicated by the light-board mounted on a car marked by special colours and carrying a label of the respective service. To attract the attention of road users the authorized officer (traffic officer) may give a signal with a whistle. Having received the signal, the driver must immediately stop the vehicle in the indicated place; if no place is indicated the vehicle must be stopped on the right shoulder; if no shoulder is available, the vehicle must be stopped at the right edge of the carriageway.
- Light signals may be supplemented by audible signals to inform blind pedestrians that it is safe to cross the carriageway.
- Red light signal on level-crossings is supplemented by an audible signal.
- Persons who do not hold the right to drive a vehicle, who are under the influence of alcohol or psychoactive substances or who have not taken the daily rest as prescribed by law must not drive a vehicle. Also, a person who is tired or ill must not drive if driving may endanger traffic safety. A vehicle must not be entrusted to a person who is under the influence of one of the said factors or who is not authorized to drive a vehicle of that type. When operating a vehicle, the driver must abide by the requirements listed in the driving licence.
- At the request of the police officer, the driver must allow to be checked for drunk driving or driving while intoxicated with psychoactive substances in the manner prescribed by the Government.
Maximum blood alcohol content [g/l]
Standard drivers - 0,4 g/l
Novice drivers driving experience less than 2 years - 0 g/l
Professional drivers drivers who drive vehicles the maximum authorised mass of which exceeds 3500 kilograms or having more than nine seats, taxi drivers - 0 g/l
Drivers who drive vehicles carrying dangerous goods - 0 g/l
The rider of a moped, motorcycle, tricycle, light quadricycle, quadricycle or heavy quadricycle - 0 g/l
- The rider of a moped, motorcycle, tricycle, light quadricycle, quadricycle or heavy quadricycle must wear securely fastened safety helmets and safety glasses and must not carry passengers without securely fastened safety helmets, except where the means of transport is fitted by the manufacturer with safety roof bows and seat belts designated to protect the driver and the passenger from impact.
- Other vehicles must not be driven on lanes of the road signposted as Lane Reserved for Public Service Vehicles and/or marked with letter A, except for:
- bicycles and mopeds;
- taxi cabs if the lane is marked with letter A and reads ‘TAKSI';
- cars carrying four or more road users if the lane is marked with letter A and symbol 4+;
- electrical vehicles if the lane is marked with letter A and symbol for electrical vehicles.
- If this lane reserved for public service vehicles moving in the same direction is on the right side of the carriageway and is not segregated by a continuous line, vehicles that turn right or bypass a standing vehicle waiting to make a left turn must switch to this lane.
- Drivers of motor vehicles, tractors and self-propelled vehicles must not use mobile telephones if they are held by hand unless the engine of a standing vehicle is switched off. Drivers of motor vehicles, tractors and self-propelled vehicles must avoid any actions not related with the driving of the vehicle.
Last updated: 20-09-2017